Marcus Tullius Cicero, Phil. 2.64-69 ; (44 B.C.):
64. Caesar Alexandria se recepit felix, ut sibi quidem videbatur; mea autem sententia, qui rei publicae sit hostis, felix esse nemo potest. Hasta posita pro aede Iovis Statoris bona Cn. Pompei (miserum me! consumptis enim lacrimis tamen infixus haeret animo dolor), bona, inquam, Cn. Pompei Magni voci acerbissimae subiecta praeconis! Una in illa re servitutis oblita civitas ingemuit, servientibusque animis, cum omnia metu tenerentur, gemitus tamen populi Romani liber fuit. Expectantibus omnibus, quisnam esset tam impius, tam demens, tam dis hominibusque hostis, qui ad illud scelus sectionis auderet accedere, inventus est nemo praeter Antonium, praesertim cum tot essent circum hastam illam, qui alia omnia auderent; unus inventus est, qui id auderet, quod omnium fugisset et reformidasset audacia. 65. Tantus igitur te stupor oppressit vel, ut verius dicam, tantus furor, ut primum, cum sector sis isto loco natus, deinde cum Pompei sector, non te exsecratum populo Romano, non detestabilem, non omnis tibi deos, non omnis homines et esse inimicos et futuros scias? At quam insolenter statim helluo invasit in eius viri fortunas, cuius virtute terribilior erat populus Romanus exteris gentibus, iustitia carior! In eius igitur viri copias cum se subito ingurgitasset, exsultabat gaudio persona de mimo modo egens, repente dives. Sed, ut est apud poetam nescio quem, 'Male parta male dilabuntur.' 66. Incredibile ac simile portenti est, quonam modo illa tam multa quam paucis non dico mensibus, sed diebus effuderit. Maximus vini numerus fuit, permagnum optimi pondus argenti, pretiosa vestis, multa et lauta supellex et magnifica multis locis non illa quidem luxuriosi hominis, sed tamen abundantis. Horum paucis diebus nihil erat. 67. Quae Charybdis tam vorax? Charybdim dico, quae si fuit, animal unum fuit; Oceanus medius fidius vix videtur tot res tam dissipatas, tam distantibus in locis positas tam cito absorbere potuisse. Nihil erat clausum, nihil obsignatum, nihil scriptum. Apothecae totae nequissimis hominibus condonabantur; alia mimi rapiebant, alia mimae; domus erat aleatoribus referta, plena ebriorum; totos dies potabatur, atque id locis pluribus; suggerabantur etiam saepe (non enim semper iste felix) damna aleatoria; conchyliatis Cn. Pompei peristromatis servorum in cellis lectos stratos videres. Quam ob rem desinite mirari haec tam celeriter esse consumpta. Non modo unius patrimonium quamvis amplum, ut illud fuit, sed urbis et regna celeriter tanta nequitia devorare potuisset. At idem aedis etiam et hortos. 68. O audaciam immanem! tu etiam ingredi illam domum ausus es, tu illud sanctissimum limen intrare, tu illarum aedium dis penatibus os impurissimum ostendere? Quam domum aliquamdiu nemo adspicere poterat, nemo sine lacrimis praeterire, hac te in domo tam diu deversari non pudet, in qua, quamvis nihil sapias, tamen nihil tibi potest esse iucundum? An tu, illa vestibulo rostra [spolia] cum adspexisti, domum tuam te introire putas? Fieri non potest. Quamvis enim sine mente, sine sensu sis, ut es, tamen et te et tua et tuos nosti. Nec vero te umquam neque vigilantem neque in somnis credo posse mente consistere. Necesse est, quamvis sis, ut es, vinulentus et furens, cum tibi obiecta sit species singularis viri, perterritum te de somno excitari, furere etiam saepe vigilantem. 69. Me quidem miseret parietum ipsorum atque tectorum. Quid enim umquam domus illa viderat nisi pudicum, quid nisi ex optimo more et sanctissima disciplina? Fuit enim ille vir, patres conscripti, sicuti scitis, cum foris clarus, tum domi admirandus neque rebus externis magis laudandus quam institutis domesticis. Huius in sedibus pro cubiculis stabula, pro conclavibus popinae sunt. Etsi iam negat. Nolite quaerere; frugi factus est; mimulam suam suas res sibi habere iussit, ex duodecim tabulis clavis ademit, exegit. Quam porro spectatus civis, quam probatus! Cuius ex omni vita nihil est honestius, quam quod cum mima fecit divortium.
64. Caesar returned from Alexandria, fortunate, as indeed it seemed to him, however in my opinion no one can be fortunate, who is an enemy of the republic. With the spear having been set up in front of the temple of Jupiter the Stayer the property of Gnaeus Pompeius–wretched me, for thought my tears have been used up a piercing sorrow still clings in my heart–the property, I say, of Gnaeus Pompeius was put under the very harsh voice of a aunctioneer! In this one act the community, forgetful of its enslavement, groaned and though minds were enslaved, when everything was maintained by fear, still the groan of the Roman people was free. While the people were waiting–for who was so impious, so demented, such an enemy to the gods and men, who dared to come up to that crime of sale, nobody was found except Antonius, although many were around that spear who dared everything else. one man was found who dared that which the audacity of all had shuddered at and fled. 65. Therefore such a great stupidity has seized you, or as I will say more to the fact, such a great fury so that first, you were a buyer, born in that rank, then a buyer of Pompey's goods, that you do not know that you would be cursed by the Roman people and that all gods and men are and would be your enemies? Yet how insolently immediately that glutton entered the fortune of this man by whose virtue the Roman people was more dreaded by foreign peoples, and by whose justice more dear! Therefore in the riches of this man, when suddenly he immersed himself, he jumped up with joy, as a person from a mime, now needy, [then] suddenly rich. But as in the works of poet–I don't recall whom–"foully gained goods foully goes to pieces." 66. It is incredible and like an omen, how just now so many things which in a few, I do not say months, but days, he squandered. There was the greatest amount of wine, a very large weight of the best silver, valuable clothing, lots of furniture, both elegant and magnificent in many places not–it is true–of a luxurious man, but yet of a man of affluence. In a few days there was nothing of it. 67. What Charybdis wa so voracious? I say Charybdis, which if it existed, it was [but] one beast; Oceanus–faithful gods–scarely seems to have been able to swallow so quickly so many things scattered and set in many distant places. Nothing was shut up, nothing was sealed, nothing was written down. Entire warehouses were given over to the most worthless men. Some things actors stole, others, mimes. The house was stuffed with gamblers, full of drunks; there was drinking for many days and that in many place; gambling losses were even often heaped up–for that man was not always lucky. You might see in the cells of slaves the beds covered with the purple coverlets of Gnaeus Pompeius. On account of this matter cease to marvel that these things were so quickly consumed. Such extravagance could have quickly devoured not only the patrimony of one man, however full, as it was, but cities and kingdoms. Yet this same man devoured the house and even the gardens. 68. O what monstrous audacity! You even dared to enter that house, you dared to cross that very sacred threshold, you dared to show that most filthy face to the household gods of these homes. This home nobody could look at for a long time, nobody without tears could go past, are you not ashamed to lodge in this home for so long a time. In which house, although you are not bright, nothing can be pleasant to you. Yet when you looked at those beaks in the vestibule, did you think that you enter your home. It cannot be. For although you might be without a mind, without feeling, as you are, stilll you knew both yourself and your things and your family. In fact I believe that you not could settle [there] ever neither awake nor in sleep with reason. It is necessary, however much you are drunk and mad, as you are, when the sight of that outstanding man was exposed to you, that you be roused terrified from sleep, and also often maddened when awake. 69. Indeed I pity the these very walls and the roofs. For what ever had this home seen except what was chaste, what except from the best manner and most virtuous instruction? For that man was, fellow senators, as you know, both distinguished abroad and admirable at home and not more praised for foreign deeds than for family habits. In his dwellings brothels exist in place of the bedrooms, taverns in place of the roosm. Though now he denies it. Do not inquire. He has been made respectable. He ordered his own girl to take her own things for herself, he took away the keys in accordance with the Twelve Tables, he expelled her. How in turn an esteemed citizen, how acceptable! From his entire life nothing is more honorable than now when he makes a divorce from that mime. (U. K. Vestal, trans.)